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Zhu Yuanzhang(Image source: National Palace Museum)
1368,Zhu ChongbaThe counterattack was finally successful.
Standing on the high platform of Yingtian City, the founding emperor and the most senior beggar in the empire could not forget that it was corrupt officials who made him homeless and his parents almost died without a burial place. His heart is like a mirror,official corruptionLet Dayuan, which swept the world, collapse instantly. He made up his mind: These corrupt officials must be killed!
That year, he was forty years old.
He is energetic and acts like a cloud computer in detecting and analyzing unusual financial situations of officials. He was very strict in cracking down on corruption, announcing that any official who embezzled more than 60 taels of silver would be skinned and stripped of grass. He was so excited that he even ordered “any officials who embezzled more than 60 taels of silver would be killed.” The ups and downs in his early years made him hate corruption deeply. According to the current disciplinary inspection, there is “zero tolerance” for corruption. Among the known materials, you can see some of the cases he caught as the general secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Committee: “taking bribes for a pair of socks and two pairs of shoes”, “four books, one piece of clothing”, “a scarf, Internet “A turban and a round-necked garment”… This made him look like a rag collector.
On the one hand, it was due to the nature of a beggar to protect food, and on the other hand, he came from a poor background and believed that in troubled times, heavy codes must be used. Kill, kill… He established the Pro-Army Governor’s Mansion, which became the Jinyiwei that people were familiar with in movies and TV series. School inspections were also launched. The functions of those soldiers, officials, eunuchs and even monks were very similar to the current disciplinary inspection or inspection teams, who went around to find out the negative things about officials. With or without verification, those heads would be chopped off quickly.
He spent fifteen years leading his brothers to conquer the country, and spent fifteen years killing 50,000 corrupt officials to stabilize the country. But there were more and more corrupt officials. At that time, there was a scene where an official was interrogating a prisoner in court. Suddenly, a group of even more aggressive guards rushed in and took him away. The prisoners kneeling below were also confused. . And because there were not enough officials, we had to retain some officials who had committed crimes and let them wear yoke to work. The official who presided over the interrogation wore the same shackles as the prisoner being interrogated. Behind the official stood a guard in uniform monitoring him. Once the interrogation was over, the official was dragged out to beat him. This scene is very spectacular.
Many years later, we saw the same interesting scene: in the morning I saw in the newspaper that Secretary Li of the Municipal Party Committee severely criticized the official misconduct. In the evening, we learned on Weibo that the secretary had been taken away by the Discipline Inspection Commission; we just saw that Secretary Zeng of the Discipline Inspection Commission had been arrested. A corrupt official was soon arrested for being involved in gangs. “Double regulations”… In the recent anti-corruption campaign in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, as many as 81 cadres have been investigated and investigated, and three main leaders, including the executive deputy district chief, deputy district chief and former district party secretary, were involved in the case and were dismissed. There are too many cadres, resulting in not enough people for meetings.
Let us return to the Ming Dynasty. It is said that corrupt officials are constantly being arrested, often three in the morning and five more in the evening. The senior beggar decided to adopt the mass line. There was no news broadcast at that time, and focus interviews were limited to the cabinet. He then widely distributed the “Da Gao San Bian” to the whole country. In “The Thirty-Four Officials Who Harm the People,” he angrily announced: Those officials are all Idiot, now I want to mobilize respected old people and brave heroes to help me report officials. Later, it was stipulated that any common person could rush into the government directly and arrest officials who were dissatisfied. If the official dared to stop him, he would “kill the entire clan.” So on the road leading to the capital, it was common to see groups of ordinary people escorting officials to Nanjing. It was like traveling during the Golden Week. Those officials even knelt down to beg for mercy from the people… It was really satisfying.
The mass line is thorough enough, and visually it has the grandeur of a great revolution. However, officials are still corrupt and corrupt in all kinds of ways.
He is depressed. And a new situation has emerged. On the one hand, scholars across the country are like crucian carp crossing the river to apply for civil servants. On the other hand, the officials in the capital, who are all in danger, have to stand in front of their homes to say goodbye to their wives and children every day before going to court. Which relative owes money and has not yet Also, where is the deed to the house, what direction will the next generation be trained in, who will go through the back door at the beginning of junior high school… No one is sure whether he will be able to come back after going to work that day. Some officials want to resign. No, “a corrupt villain slanders the imperial court.”
This plot has a long history… Many years later, a senior official named Liu Zhijun told his daughter through the iron fence, “Don’t get involved in politics.” He was criticized by the official media for “slandering politics.” There is also a Sichuan official named Zhao Guanghua who resigned from his position as deputy mayor because he could not bear the pressure of maintaining stability. He was used as a negative example and was forced to make a statement online.
The pressure was so great that some officials in the Ming Dynasty suffered from depression. Some are really depressed, some are pretending to be crazy. At that time, there were not many high-rise buildings for officials to jump from, and the method of committing suicide by cutting a vein had not yet become popular. But friends who like the history of the Ming Dynasty all know that there was a censor named Yuan Kai who pretended to be crazy in order to save his life. His method of pretending to be crazy was very creative: eating shit.
From the perspective of the Nanpai Sanshu novel, the officials more than six hundred years later are the reincarnated zombies more than six hundred years ago. Look, the mayor of Longyan hanged himself again. Previously, Zhang Guosheng, the mayor of Putian City, Fujian Province, committed suicide by jumping off the building, Song Pingshun, chairman of the Tianjin Municipal People’s Political Consultative Conference, committed suicide, Zhang Guangsheng, the disciplinary inspection secretary of the Luoyang Public Security Bureau, committed suicide by jumping off the building, and Tong Zhaohong, deputy director of the Zhejiang Higher People’s Court, hanged himself in the bathroom…
Why have corrupt officials been caught so many times since ancient times? (Image source: Adobe Stock)
Okay, let’s go back to the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang is really depressed. Although his salary is complained that it is not enough to support his master, how much have you done for the people? Although some officials were killed to root out dissidents, many officials were indeed corrupt and dishonorable. Listen to those punishments: digging out the knees, draining the intestines, dousing them with boiling water and then brushing them with iron brushes, hanging people up on iron hooks to dry them… “Saw” is so weak. Zhu Yuanzhang was so surprised that his tile-sword face almost formed a huge question mark: “What can I do if the law is violated frequently?”. Aren’t corrupt officials afraid of death for a few bucks?
Throughout the civil and military dynasties, no one told him the truth of “a thirsty horse guards water, a hungry dog guards food.” A minister named Gui Yanliang expressed his opinion: “Use virtue to achieve ease, use law to work hard.” Your Majesty should encourage morality and set a moral model in the officialdom.
Zhu Yuanzhang believed this deeply and mobilized all state machinery to promote morality. At this time, the “eight-legged” essays on morality were gathered together. He reasoned this way, implanting the thoughts of saints into the minds of future officials like software. Once the officials have “morality”, the country will naturally prosper. This reasoning had a long-lasting influence, and even the Qing Dynasty who later overturned it also followed suit. Even the Red Dynasty hundreds of years later called for “blood flowing with morality”. Words such as “sage”, “morality”, “nobility” and “harmony” appeared on the paper during the unified civil service examination. The university, which is the cradle of future civil servants, has the honor to profoundly convey the “Several Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Work of Young Teachers in Colleges and Universities”…
Zhu Yuanzhang wished he could have the word “morality” tattooed on the foreheads of all officials, but the empire’s administration was still terrible. Among its sixteen emperors, there were many diligent people, but until the last emperor, Chongzhen, fell and was unable to save the country.
The Empire only believes in two things: morality and torture. But logically, if morality is useful in restraining officials, why do we need punishment for those who commit crimes? If torture is a panacea, why not test “On the sustainability of future official governance by chopping off the hands, feet, ears, and nose of corrupt officials and making them into human sticks and placing them in sauce jars”. “Sexual Development”, at least literally, it seems more shocking.
It has never thought about such things as “legal system” and “constitutional government”, and it does not know that around the time Zhu Chongba stood on the high platform of Yingtian City and decided to kill corrupt officials, a place called Britain had a House of Commons. It doesn’t know that Jinyiwei, Dongchang, and Jianxiao are not supervision, but surveillance. Surveillance will only make corrupt officials more cunning and determined to form cliques and create interest groups that even the emperor cannot shake.
In short, this carefully designed empire fell. Before its death, there was an overlooked plot: In 1583, Emperor Wanli asked an incredible question during the imperial examination: The more I work hard to govern, the more corrupt the officialdom becomes and the more lax the law and discipline become. Is it because I lack benevolence or am I too lazy? What about indecision? It is unprecedented that such a question was asked during the sacred national unified examination. It can be seen that Emperor Wanli was really worried about the administration of officials.
Many years later, the Red Dynasty had 810,000 disciplinary inspection cadres, with one disciplinary inspection cadre monitoring eight officials on average. This is more than the imperial guards and inspection schools of the Ming Dynasty. In addition to the central inspection team and forty-five central supervision teams, this is the routine of inspections in eight prefectures. These days, some officials are so frightened that they drop their pants when they hear that the inspection team is coming. Before going to work every day, they may look back affectionately at the yellow-faced woman who usually ignores them… Recently, we often hear that a certain corrupt official “lightning” Fall off the horse”. But now that lightning has struck, what have you been doing for the past twenty years?
Although he no longer has the Four Books, Five Classics and Six Arts, he must adhere to the three xx eight x eight x. The most amazing moral in the world is that Liu Zhijun just said the “Chinese Dream” to the leader after he had a “Dream of Red Mansions” with the girl. They are no different from the corrupt officials of the Ming Dynasty. After being caught, they always like to play such tunes as gratitude and dreams, as if they just strayed into the world of mortals, but they are still fresh in their hearts.
The difference is that the Ming Dynasty would rather kill a thousand by mistake than let one go. Today is: Mrs. Gaoming was sentenced to suspended death, the bank president was sentenced to suspended death, the president of the court was sentenced to suspended death, the director of public security was sentenced to suspended death, and Liu Zhijun was also sentenced to suspended death. When debating whether to “abolish the death penalty”, we can only joke that “it is not to abolish the death penalty, but to abolish the reprieve of death.” But seriously you will lose. Even if we go back to the Ming Dynasty, the intestines were drawn, cooked, poured with boiling water, brushed with an iron brush, hooked up and air-dried… and the punishment of corrupt officials was basically transformed into a process of making pickled food, it would not scare away corrupt officials.
Didn’t the Ming Dynasty also produce a Hai Rui?
Besides, Hai Rui also made everyone unhappy. If an upright official has no money to bury his mother, this is neither a big time nor a small time, but a small time.
Forget it, don’t talk about movies and TV shows, let’s talk about the Ming Dynasty… At the beginning of “The Fifteenth Year of Wanli”, Mr. Huang Renyu specifically wrote about the year 1588, when the British defeated the Spanish Armada. What he did not mention was that exactly one hundred years later, in 1688, the Glorious Revolution in Britain was born. Britain, which was originally corrupt, crony, authoritarian, and in a messy domestic situation, began to establish a constitutional monarchy and wisely used separation of powers, constitutionalism, and Governed the country through supervision and other methods and became a temporary world hegemon. At this time, China’s political power had been transferred to the “Qing Dynasty”, and the Qing Dynasty still continued the morality + torture of the destroyed “Ming Dynasty”, and even adopted an auxiliary tactic, “literary prison”. The empire went downhill from there.
For thousands of years, China’s officialdom has never been short of corruption. Brothels love to pretend to clean their interiors, Chinese officials love to speak morally, and bitches love to talk about their pure love. Many times, we are forced to believe that the love story between Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai happened in Li Chun Yuan amid the logical contradictions of so much corruption and so much morality.
Just like believing the headline of the People’s Daily, a reprieve demonstrates the spirit of the rule of law. In fact, whether it is a decisive peace or a reprieve of death, it has nothing to do with demonstrating the spirit of the rule of law. It has a profound relationship with the power of the Holy Emperor to slap his forehead or the power of interest groups to hold back.
The place where Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself. (Picture source: Internet picture)
In 1644 AD, before committing suicide, Chongzhen wrote his last edict: “I am cold and virtuous, but I have nothing to do with my bow. I owe it to Heaven to blame. However, all my ministers have misunderstood me.” That is to say, you heartless people have raised you in vain, and none of them will be seen at critical moments. , it was you who killed me.
276 years ago, the first emperor of the empire stood on the city wall and vowed to kill those traitorous ministers. After 276 years of outstanding efforts, the last emperor of the empire finally died under the crooked neck tree. He sadly believed that he was killed by the traitorous ministers. .
Editor: Wen Li Source: Blog
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